The role of religion in the history of education and science Religion and education, two of the earliest human efforts, have long been closely related. Historians and social scientists have written about this relationship and how both can influence each other. Islam Islamic rulers have built libraries and educational institutions, such as the Baghdad House of Wisdom and the Al-Azhar University of Cairo, to promote advanced scholarships. Under Islamic rule, Southern Spain was a center of higher learning, producing people like the famous Mus…